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Cutting back on sodium not only helps people who have high blood pressure, but
those at risk for developing the disease, according to the American Heart
Association. This means African-Americans, the elderly, people with Type II
diabetes, and those with a family history of high blood pressure are among the
groups that can benefit most by limiting salt in their diets.
Making the right choices within your food plan -- such as avoiding processed
foods and using little table salt -- is the key to making it work for you.
Also, keep in mind that sodium occurs naturally in some foods, such as meats,
breads and dairy products.
And, to keep your foods flavorful without the salt, you'll need to get creative
with the use of herbs, spices, vinegars, fruits and vegetables.
Become a Label Reader
The first step in controlling the sodium in your diet is to carefully read the
nutrition information labels on foods you buy.
Sometimes, salt is hiding behind other names. Sodium may show up on labels as
monosodium glutamate (MSG), disodiumphosphate, sodium chloride, and any term
including the word "sodium." Unprocessed foods, like fresh produce, have very
little sodium.
Watch out for processed foods, in which sodium is often used as a preservative
or flavor enhancer. Most savory (that is, non-sweet) canned foods come bathed
in a salty liquid. And restaurant Chinese food can be very high in sodium
unless you request it without MSG.
Taste It First
Limit the use of the salt shaker, both at the table and in cooking. Get into the
habit of tasting your food before salting it.
Remember, though, that the salt shaker is usually responsible for only about 15%
of the sodium in your diet. Most comes from processed and canned foods, so pass
up these foods in favor of fresh ones -- usually those located around the
perimeter of the grocery store.
Eat Lots of Fruits and Vegetables
Diets rich in fruits and vegetables can help lower your blood pressure and
reduce your risk of heart disease, research has found. The healthy
antioxidants, phytochemicals, and vitamins and minerals found in fruits and
vegetables work to help control blood pressure. It's probably the abundance of
potassium and the decreased sodium that comes with a diet rich in fruits and
vegetables that makes the difference.
Not only will fruits and vegetables help your blood pressure, but, according to
The American Cancer Society, five servings of them a day can help prevent
cancer. Clearly, fruits and vegetables are good for you in more ways than your
mother ever dreamed of!
The Eating Plan
So if your blood pressure is a concern, the bottom line is to select from a wide
variety of foods within your eating plan, limit alcohol, and get five servings
a day of fruits and vegetables -- and, of course, keep salt to a minimum.
Here are more tips for keeping your salt intake down while following your eating
plan:
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When making choices within food groups, select fresh or frozen instead of
canned foods whenever possible.
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Use low-sodium versions of canned foods and other packaged foods such as sauce
mixes.
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Avoid canned, smoked and processed meats, like cold cuts, hot dogs and
sausages.
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Use herbs, spices, vinegars, fruits, and vegetables to add extra flavor to your
food.
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Avoid condiments high in sodium, like soy sauce, pickles and olives.
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Select frozen entrees with less than 800 milligrams of sodium.
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Avoid salty snacks like potato chips, nuts, and crackers.
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Check the labels on processed cheeses, and choose lower-sodium varieties.
By Kathleen Zelman, MPH, RD
WebMD Weight Loss Clinic Director of Nutrition
Reviewed By Kathleen Zelman, MPH, RD, July 25, 2007.
Medically updated July 25, 2007.
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