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What Causes Obesity in Children?
Children become overweight for a variety of reasons. The most
common causes are genetic factors, lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating
patterns, or a combination of these factors. Only in rare cases is being
overweight caused by a medical condition such as a hormonal problem. A physical
exam and some blood tests can rule out the possibility of a medical condition.
Although weight problems run in families, not all children with a
family history of obesity will be overweight. Children whose parents or
brothers or sisters are overweight may be at an increased risk of becoming
overweight themselves, but this can be link to shared family behaviors such as
eating and activity habits.
A child's total diet and activity level play an important role in
determining a child's weight. Today, many children spend a lot time being
inactive. For example, the average child spends approximately 24 hours each
week watching television. As computers and video games become increasingly
popular, the number of hours of inactivity may only increase.
What Diseases Are Obese Children at Risk For?
Obese children are at risk for a number of conditions, including:
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High cholesterol
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High blood pressure
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Early heart disease
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Diabetes
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Bone problems
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Skin conditions such as heat rash, fungal infections and acne
How Do I Know if My Child Is Overweight?
The best person to determine whether or not your child is
overweight is your child's doctor. In determining whether or not your child is
overweight, the doctor will measure your child's weight and height. The doctor
will also consider your child's age and growth patterns. Assessing obesity in
children can be difficult because children can grow in unpredictable spurts.
For example, it is not unusual for boys to appear overweight, but they may grow
taller and "grow into the weight" a few years later.
How Can I Help My Overweight Child?
If your child is overweight, it is very important that you allow
him or her to know that you will be supportive. Children's feelings about
themselves often are based on their parents' feelings about them and if you
accept your children at any weight, they will be more likely to feel good about
themselves. It is also important to talk to your children about their weight,
allowing them to share their concerns with you.
It is not recommended that parents set children apart because of
their weight. Instead, parents should focus on gradually changing their
family's physical activity and eating habits. By involving the entire family,
everyone is taught healthful habits and the overweight child does not feel
singled out.
How Can I Involve My Family in Healthful
Habits?
There are many ways to involve the entire family in healthy habits,
but increasing the family's physical activity is especially important. Some
ways to accomplish this include:
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Lead by example. If your children see that you are physically active and having
fun, they are more likely to be active and stay active for the rest of their
lives.
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Plan family activities that provide everyone with exercise, like walking,
biking, or swimming.
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Be sensitive to your child's needs. Overweight children may feel uncomfortable
about participating in certain activities. It is important to help your child
find physical activities that they enjoy and that aren't embarrassing or too
difficult.
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Make an effort to reduce the amount of time you and your family spend in
sedentary activities, such as watching TV or playing video games.
Whatever approach parents choose to take, the purpose is not to
make physical activity and following a healthy diet a chore, but to make the
most of the opportunities you and your family have to be active and healthy.
Reviewed by the Department of Nutrition
Therapy at The Cleveland Clinic.
Edited by Charlotte Grayson, MD , WebMD, August 2004.
Reviewed By Kathleen Zelman, MPH, RD, July 25, 2007.
Medically updated July 25, 2007.
Portions of this page © The Cleveland Clinic
2000-2004
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